NON PRINT MEDIA- MASS MEDIA

The mass media is a diversified collection of media technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication. The technologies through which this communication takes place include a variety of outlets.

Broadcast media transmit information electronically, via such media as film, radio, recorded music, or television. Digital mediacomprises both Internet and mobile mass communication. Internet media comprise such services as email, social media sites, websites, and Internet-based radio and television. Many other mass media outlets have an additional presence on the web, by such means as linking to or running TV ads online, or distributing QR Codes in outdoor or print media to direct mobile users to a website. In this way, they can utilise the easy accessibility and outreach capabilities the Internet affords, as thereby easily broadcast information throughout many different regions of the world simultaneously and cost-efficiently. Outdoor media transmit information via such media as AR advertising; billboards; blimps; flying billboards (signs in tow of airplanes); placards or kiosks placed inside and outside of buses, commercial buildings, shops, sports stadiums, subway cars, or trains; signs; or skywriting.^[1] Print media transmit information via physical objects, such as books, comics, magazines, newspapers, or pamphlets.^[2] Event organizing and public speaking can also be considered forms of mass media.^[3]

The organizations that control these technologies, such as movie studios, publishing companies, and radio and television stations, are also known as the mass media

                      BEHAVIORISM

Behaviorism (or behaviourism) is a systematic approach to the understanding of human and animal behavior. It assumes that all behaviors are either reflexes produced by a response to certain stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment, together with the individual's current motivational state and controlling stimuli. Although behaviorists generally accept the important role of inheritance in determining behavior, they focus primarily on environmental factors.

Behaviorism combines elements of philosophy, methodology, and psychological theory. It emerged in the late nineteenth century as a reaction to depth psychologyand other traditional forms of psychology, which often had difficulty making predictions that could be tested experimentally. The earliest derivatives of Behaviorism can be traced back to the late 1800s where Edward Thorndike pioneered the law of effect (a process that involved strengthening behavior through the use of reinforcement)

AIMS OF EDUCATION

Man becomes resourceful through knowledge. Socrates said that “one who had true knowledge could not be other than virtuous”. Knowledge is sine qua non for every spheres of human life—physical, social, moral, spiritual and economic. Great philosophers Socrates, Aristotle, Dante, Comenim, Bacon have propounded knowledge as an important aim of education.

In the narrow sense, knowledge aim implies “Knowledge for the sake of knowledge”. In its wider sense, it means development of mental powers-thinking, reasoning, discrimination, judgement, memory, problem solving, imagination, intelligence etc. True knowledge consists in possessing ideas of universal validity and universal relevance.

In other words, knowledge and wisdom must be for the good of the greatest number. Further, knowledge acquisition should not be considered as an end in itself. Rather it should be a means to other ends—individual development, civil efficiency, economic competency, living a richer and healthy life, welfare of the humanity, etc.

Thus, reception and utilization of knowledge is essential element in knowledge aim of education.